Una mirada actual a la peritonitis bacteriana espontánea

Autores/as

  • Andrea Holguín Cardona
  • Juan José Hurtado Guerra
  • Juan Carlos Restrepo Gutiérrez

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.56

Palabras clave:

Peritonitis, peritonitis bacteriana espontánea, translocación bacteriana, cirrosis, ascitis

Resumen

La peritonitis bacteriana espontánea (PBE) es una de las principales complicaciones de los pacientes cirróti- cos con ascitis y tiene gran importancia por las altas tasas de mortalidad y de recurrencia que presenta y que pueden mejorar considerablemente si se tiene un diagnóstico oportuno y se brinda el tratamiento óptimo. Es de tener en cuenta que, incluso en pacientes asintomáticos, se ha documentado una alta prevalencia de PBE. La profilaxis primaria y secundaria se constituye como una medida de gran relevancia al mejorar la sobrevida y disminuir las tasas de incidencia o recurrencia; sin embargo, deben ser aplicadas con mucha rigurosidad y con un buen seguimiento de los pacientes que van a ser sometidos a las mismas con el fin de prevenir la aparición de resistencia antibiótica. Algunos de los factores determinantes para someter a un paciente a profilaxis antibiótica son: episodio previo de PBE, pacientes con hemorragia de tracto digestivo y pacientes con evidencia de disfunción hepática dada por bajas concentraciones de proteínas en líquido ascítico e hiperbilirrubinemia. Con el uso de las principales bases de datos biomédicas (PubMed, ClinicalKey, EBSCO, Scielo, Scopus y OVID) se hizo una revisión de la literatura médica referente a la PBE, publicada tanto en español como en inglés, durante los últimos 5 años; dentro de esta se encontraron referencias bibliográficas muy valiosas, las cuales también fueron consultadas. Se evidenció cómo hay pocas publicaciones tanto a nivel latinoamericano como colombiano, dentro de las cuales se referencian algunas escritas por el mismo autor o por su grupo de trabajo. 

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Lenguajes:

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Biografía del autor/a

Andrea Holguín Cardona

Estudiante de último año de prácticas de Medicina. Universidad de Antioquia. 

Juan José Hurtado Guerra

  1. Estudiante de último año de prácticas de Medicina. Universidad de Antioquia. 

Juan Carlos Restrepo Gutiérrez

  1. Miembro, Unidad de Hepatología y Programa de Trasplante de Hígado. Hospital “Pablo Tobón Uribe” y Universidad de Antioquia. Profesor titular, Facultad de Medicina. Jefe, Sección de Gastrohepatología. Jefe, Posgrado de Hepatología Clínica. Miembro, Grupo de Gastrohepatología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombia 

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Publicado

2016-12-05

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Holguín Cardona A., Hurtado Guerra, J. J., & Restrepo Gutiérrez J. C. (2016). Una mirada actual a la peritonitis bacteriana espontánea. Revista Colombiana De Gastroenterología, 30(3), 315–324. https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.56

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